Psychological aspects of visual acuty dysfunction in central retinal vein occulsion (OVCR/ CRVO)

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a significant vascular disorder that leads to sudden reduction of
visual acuity and serious functional visual impairment in affected patients. The occlusion may occur at the level of
the central retinal vein or its branches. Etiologically, it most commonly affects the elderly population and is
associated with risk factors such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and increased
intraocular pressure. Clinically, CRVO is classified into non-ischemic form and ischemic forms. The non-ischemic
form is characterized by milder symptomatology and better prognosis, while the ischemic form is accompanied by a
more severe clinical picture, with the appearance of macular edema, neovascularization and risk of secondary
glaucoma. The decrease in visual acuity significantly affects the guality of life of sufferers, and is often
accompanied by psychological disorders, such as shock and disbelief, anxiety, depression, anger and frustration, fear
of blindness, decreased self-esteem, and a general decline in the quality of life. Timely diagnosis appropriate
ophthalmological treatment, and a multidisciplinary approach, including psychological support, play a key role in
improving the visual function and psychosocial status of patients with CRVO.
Keywords: central retinal vein occlusion, macular edema, neovascularization, secondary glaucoma, non-ischemic
and ischemic CRVO, psychological disorders