Gjorgiev, Lazar (2012) Technogenic Deposits in the Mine Bucim and their Potential Economic and Ecological Effects. Masters thesis, University Goce Delcev Shtip.
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Abstract
The mine for copper and gold Bucim is in exploitation since 1979th, with a
temporary closing in the years 2003-2004. The annual production is around
4.000.000 t ore and 4.500.000 t ore dumping. From this amount of sulfide ore a
copper concentrate is gained that amounts 30.000 t, the rest is flotation dumping.
The accumulated ore dumping from 120.000.000 t in the waste rock dump no. 1
with an average content of copper of 0.080% and the accumulation flotation dumping
of around 80.000.000 t in the hydro dumping “Topolnica” with an average content of
0.040% Cu, < 0.3 g/t Au, present significant technogene findings and in this work an
effort has been made to define their economical productivity and ecological effects
on the environment.
The valorization of the copper from the sulfide mine dumping in the waste rock
dump no. 1 with the help the hydrometallurgical process with a method of leaching,
enables solving the ecology problem with the mining water which drain in the waste
rock dump, and at the same time an additional annual production of 2.800 t cathode
copper will be added in technological complex for reproduction of the solutions rich
with copper located under the postponement no. 1 of the mine Bucim.
From the researches made by now on the flotation tailing dump “Topolnica” it is
stated that secondary enrichments of gold appear in some levels, where the content
is in the frame of 0.1 - 0.7 g/t. The rhythmical separation of the levels rich with gold is
a result of cyclic processing of ore with different content of gold. From the phase
analysis turns out that the gold can be found in the pyrite, the rest of the
chalcopyrite, and it can also be found as natural small grained disperse, included in
the silica and free.
In the frames of this work results and findings from the performed researches for
determining the pollution with heavy metals around the techno gene deposits in the
mine Bucim are also given, as well as strategies for solving the problems with the
pollution.
After the analyses and the interpretation of the data the assumptions for
increased values of the following heavy metals were confirmed: Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Mn,
Cd, As and Co. because the mine Bucim is a mine for exploitation of copper, the
results of Cu were especially interesting and which reached values of 0.01 – 704.7
mg/l in the water, 17.8 – 1734 mg/kg in the soil, 2854 mg/kg in a collective sample of
green algae from the Bucim lake and its leak, 55 – 875 mg/kg in the roots and young
brunches of acacia. The increased concentration of metal was determined in all the
analyzed mediums: water, soil and plants. The increased concentrations of metals
are often several times higher than maximum allowed standards.
The increasing of Cu in the water samples is very distinctive nearby the waste
rock dump no. 1, today with the beginning of the work of the plant for producing
cathode copper that problem with the drainage mining water is solved.
The concentration of the metals in the soil is highest in the surrounding area of
the waste rock dump no. 1 and the flotation hydro dumping “Topolnica”.
This work is focused on the transfer factor (TF) for the system technogene soil –
plant in the flotation telling dump “Topolnica”. The plant acacia (lat. Robina
Pseudoacacia) which is used for biological reclamation of the dam of the hydro
damping and the nearby surrounding of the mine Bucim has a transfer factor that
surmounts the hyper accumulation criterion > 1 for Mo (TF = 1.54 – 3.56).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Engineering and Technology > Other engineering and technologies |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Sladzana Dimiskov |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Nov 2012 18:48 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Nov 2012 10:10 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/619 |
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