Persistent barriers to women's entrepreneurship in North Macedonia: An integrative review (2013–2025)

This study aims to assess the position of women entrepre
neurs in North Macedonia through an integrative review of empirical research
published between 2013 and 2025, focusing on the systemic barriers affecting
their development. The research identifies recurring barriers and strong longi
tudinal convergence across studies. Access to finance, limited participation in
business networks, persistent work–life balance pressures and socio-cultural
norms remain the dominant constraints.
The scientific contribution of this integrative review lies in its structured
consolidation of fragmented research and in demonstrating the persistence
of structural barriers over more than a decade. The study provides a clearer
foundation for future longitudinal and policy-oriented research, as well as and
guidance for designing more coherent, gender-sensitive and impact-oriented
support mechanisms for women entrepreneurs.