Military simulation methodologies in civil crisis management

The paper analyzes the significance and application of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) as pivotal tools in modern crisis management. It focuses on the transition of these technologies from the military to the civilian sector, with emphasis on their role in prediction, preparedness, and operational planning during disasters. The methodology employs a descriptive and comparative approach, defining the concepts of modeling and simulation through key literature (Angelevski, Banks). Three primary categories of simulations are analyzed: Live, Virtual, and Constructive (LVC). Key findings include the concept of "safe failure," the digitalization of crisis management through the Next-Generation Incident Command System (NICS) in North Macedonia, and practical verification through simulation exercises. The integration of advanced simulation systems (JCATS, OneSAF) and modern command-and-control platforms (NICS) is an effective response to natural and technological threats.