Learner autonomy through self- and peer-assessment in english language teaching

In line with larger educational trends toward learner-centered pedagogy, learner autonomy has grown
in importance in English Language Teaching (ELT). Autonomy is defined as the capacity of students to
direct their own education (Holec, 1981). This includes establishing learning objectives, tracking
advancement, and assessing results. In the context of ELT, encouraging autonomy helps students gain
self-control, metacognitive awareness, and accountability for their language development. Peer and self�assessment have been shown to be particularly successful teaching practices that promote autonomy.