Climate Change and Its Impact on the Krivolak Military Training Area in the 21st Century: Challenges, Adaptation, and the Role of Smart Military Technologies

Klimatske promene predstavljaju sve veći izazov za vojnu infrastrukturu, posebno u regionima podložnim ekstremnim vremenskim uslovima i ekološkim transformacijama. Ovaj rad analizira uticaj klimatskih promena na vojni poligon Krivolak u Severnoj Makedoniji. Integracijom podataka o životnoj sredini, vojne doktrine i novonastalih tehnologija, istraživanje sagledava kako se ova značajna obučna zona transformiše u pogledu upotrebljivosti terena, operativne spremnosti i logističkog planiranja. Rad predstavlja procenu zasnovanu na scenarijima, uz vizualizovane rezultate koji prikazuju operativne posledice klimatskih promena. Pored toga, predstavljeno je kako pametne tehnologije, poput geoprostornog monitoringa, prediktivnog modeliranja i adaptivnih sistema za obuku, mogu unaprediti otpornost. Ovi nalazi ukazuju na širu potrebu za integracijom svesti o klimatskim promenama i tehnološkog prilagođavanja u vojno planiranje i projektovanje infrastrukture. Climate change presents increasing challenges for military infrastructure, especially in regions prone to extreme weather and environmental transformation. This paper examines how climate change is affecting the Krivolak Military Training Area in North Macedonia. By integrating environmental data, military doctrine, and emerging technologies, the study explores how this vital training site is being reshaped in terms of terrain usability, training readiness, and logistical planning. The paper presents a scenario-based assessment and includes visualized results to demonstrate the operational consequences of climate change. Moreover, it introduces how smart technologies such as geospatial monitoring, predictive modelling, and adaptive training systems can improve resilience. These findings reflect a broader need to integrate climate awareness and technological adaptation into military planning and infrastructure design.