The security vulnerabilities and challenges on the IoT technologies

This paper emphasizes the importance of IoT technologies in today's world, highlighting their transformative potential and the significant security challenges they encounter due to rapid technological progress. It examines the security objectives, obstacles, and aspirations of IoT, reviewing various attack types and countermeasures aimed at enhancing security and privacy. Furthermore, the study underscores the crucial role of IoT in boosting energy efficiency and fostering sustainable development through smart grids, renewable energy systems, and smart city initiatives. Future directions and challenges are explored, with a focus on strengthening IoT security and encouraging its adoption in environmentally sustainable applications. The findings highlight the necessity of adapting IoT technologies for secure usage across various networks, ensuring both user safety and network reliability.