Seismic effects during mining of surface mine "Zebrnjak", o. Kumanovo

In this paper, are given some mining parameters that have a direct influence on the effects
of blasting-mining, and seismic effects. Schematic representations of the energy distribution during the
explosion as well as positive and negative effects during the explosion are given, ground oscillations
according to certain standards and safety distances.
These (seismic) waves passing through a rocky massif cause oscillations of the particles from the
ground and surrounding buildings. Blasted series performed on surface mines, cause different effects
on the environment in terms of intensity of the shocks, air shocks and pieces of blasted rock mass.
In order to evaluate and control the effects of seismic blasting, it is necessary to determine the soil
oscillation law in direction and ground distance to the appropriate place or object that are to be
protected.
Key Words: blasting, explosion, rock decomposition, oscillations, seismic effects,
safety distance.