Оral signs and symptoms in COVID-19

Petrovski, Mihajlo and Papakoca, Kiro (2022) Оral signs and symptoms in COVID-19. Knowledge - Capital of the Future, 50 (4). pp. 427-430.

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Abstract

The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 infection are not fully described, and most of them are still documented and collecting.The disease is characterized with a numerous clinical signs and symptoms predominant of the respiratory system, including dry cough, which is usually accompanied by fever, difficulties in breathing, and adynamia, but also other less typical symptoms of infectious disease have been described . The cause of this disease is present in both the oral cavity and saliva, which means that the environment in which we work is an excellent reservoir of viral microorganisms. As mentioned, in patients with COVID-19 the most common symptoms are occurrence of fever (more than 38 ° C), cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, rhinorrhea, sore throat, anosmia and aggeusia (the last two symptoms are most often associated with this infection). Given the fact that patients with COVID-19 may have oral signs and symptoms, there is a need for research that will note the most common oral signs and symptoms in these individuals. Hence, the main goal of the research was to make aadequate literary review of the most common oral signs and symptoms in people with COVID-19. For the realization of the main goal, a literary review was made using the following keywords "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "coronavirus-19", "oral health", "oral changes" and "oral lessions" . Scientific data published exclusively in English, in professional and scientific journals from the last three years (2019, 2020 and 2021) were used. Although at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was believed that this infection would have no effect on oral health, nowadays it is known that have an impact on oral structures. Inadequate oral hygiene, the occurrence of opportunistic infections, stress, the presence of additional systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, etc.), trauma (as a consequence of intubation), vascular influences and hyperinflammatory reaction that occurs secondary, are the most important predisposing factors for the development of oral lesions in positive COVID - 19 patients. Based on the literature data, it can be noted that in patients with COVID-19 can be noted numerous orofacial signs which may help clinicians to identify suspicious cases. These changes are most commonly manifested- oral ulcers, erithematous macules, vesicular-bullous lesions and acute inflammation of the parotid gland. However, the fact presented in the modern literature that oral manifestations are rarely reported, due to the lack of dental examinations of patients with COVID-19 (insufficient attention paid to not so serious oral signs and symptoms compared to typical clinical manifestations). We believe that further studies are needed using large groups of COVID-19 patients to document all orofacial manifestations associated with COVID-19. Dentists should play a key role in the fight against KOVID-19 by recognizing oral manifestations, and before the appearance of the first systemic signs and symptoms of the disease. Therefore, dentists should be familiar with all potential orofacial manifestations of COVID-19.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Medical and Health Sciences > Basic medicine Medical and Health Sciences > Health sciences Medical and Health Sciences > Other medical sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical Science
Depositing User:	Mihajlo Petrovski
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2022 07:18
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2022 07:18
URI:	https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/30082

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