Velickova, Nevenka (2018) Cellular and molecular alteration as biomarkers for xenobiotic exposure. In: International Scientific Confrerence GREDIT 2018 – Green Development, Geeen Infrastructure, Green Technology, 22-25 March 2018, Skopje, Macedonia.
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Abstract
Biomarkers have been defined by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences Committee on Biological Markers as an alteration in cellular or biochemical components, processes, structure or functions that is measurable in a biological system or sample. They are measurable in biological media such as human tissues, cells, or fluids. More recently, a National Institutes of Health (NIH) working group broadened this definition to include “a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to therapeutic intervention.”
The alteration include modifications in some parameters of blood composition, alterations of specific enzyme activities, DNA-adducts appearance, localised mRNA and protein increases, and appearance of specific antibodies (autoantiboides) against a xenobiotic or a particular cellular fractions. Xenobiotics have been defined as chemicals to which an organism is exposed that are extrinsic to the normal metabolism of that organism. A xenobiotic is define as a chemical that is not used bu the reference organism for maintence of normal physiologic/biochemical function and homeostasis, and dose not constitute a part of the conventional array of chemicals synthesized from nutrient chemicals by the reference organism in normal intermediary metabolism.
Aim of this presentation is to focusing on the use of cellular and molecular alteration as biomarkers for xenobiotic exposure of organism.
The presence of a xenobiotic in the environment always represents a risk for living organisms. the relationship between the toxic levels within the organism and the toxic response is rather complex and has a difficult forecast because it depends on several factors, namely toxicokinetic and genetic factors. The cellular alteration and some cellular macromolecules confirme the interaction with xenobiotics and its potential impact on the organisms.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Lecture) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Medical and Health Sciences > Basic medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medical Science |
| Depositing User: | Nevenka Velickova |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2018 11:52 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jun 2018 11:52 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/20109 |
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