Davoodi, Fateme and Shahidi, Maryam and Taleski, Vaso and Simjanovska, Liljana (2016) The influence of reactive oxygen species on in vitro fertilization success. International Journal Knowledge, 15.3. pp. 1037-1040. ISSN 1857-92
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Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the serious factors which negatively affect the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. When the formation of ROS overcome the ability of the biological system to detoxify them, they cause damage of the cells known as oxidative stress. These oxygen derived free radicals normally are produced from mitochondria during normal oxidative respiration. Due to their highly reactive nature, ROS can combine directly with other molecules leading to their structural and functional changes which result in cellular damage. Physiologically ROS can modulate the reproductive processes such as sperm-oocyte interaction, early embryo development and implantation. However the imbalance in their presence can cause oxidative stress affecting the pregnancy outcome. Although the IVF methods are continuously developing and improving there are still not sufficient microenvironment conditions that will avoid ROS accumulation and their negative influence on IVF outcome. The source of ROS during IVF may be due to the absence of endogenous defense mechanisms or due to the use of various manipulative techniques. In that way the ROS can originate from the endogenous production from the gametes and embryos or can be the result of the external factors such as: culturing media, O2 concentration, light or the manipulation technique which has been used. One of the most important endogenous factor is increased oxidative stress in the spermatozoa which is associated with poor fertilization rate, low embryo quality and high rate of pregnancy loss. The other endogenous factors are connected with oocytes and the follicular fluid. It has been shown that higher ROS levels can trigger disruption of the oocyte cytoskeleton, affect the spindle formation, aneuploidy and embryo developmental arrest. Since embryo is a fast developing organism that needs high energy in some cases can also generate excessive amounts of ROS. Pathological levels of ROS during embryo culturing result in a low quality embryos with high fragmentation leading to low clinical pregnancy rates. To avoid the effects of the known external sources of ROS many improvements were made by additions of supplements in the culture media that reduce the ROS formation, culturing under lower O2 concentrations, reduced exposure to light and introduction of vitrification methods for cryopreservation. Although many strategies are implemented so far, there is still a need for further development of new ways to avoid the oxidative stress as much as possible during the IVF treatments. One of the future approaches to prevent the harmful oxidative stress on IVF may be optimization of the environment by using the enriched atmosphere with negative air ions.
Key words: IVF, pregnancy, ROS, fertilization
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Medical and Health Sciences > Basic medicine Medical and Health Sciences > Clinical medicine Medical and Health Sciences > Health sciences |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medical Science |
| Depositing User: | Vaso Taleski |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jan 2017 09:54 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jan 2017 09:54 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/17042 |
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