Dolenec, Tadej and Serafimovski, Todor and Lojen, Sonja and Dolenec, Matej and Tasev, Goran and Kramar, Sabina and Rogan Šmuc, Nastja and Vrhovnik, Petra (2015) Environmental characterization of lake ecosystems located in Serbo Macedonian massif (FYRM). In: Biomineralization: From Fundamentals to Biomaterials & Environmental Issues (Key Engineering Materials). Trans Tech Publications Ltd , Churerstr. 20, 8808 Pfaffikon, Switzerland, pp. 295-311. ISBN 978-3-03835-591-5
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Abstract
This mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of recent lacustrine
sediments, of Anodonta cygnea shells and of fish species Rutilus rutilus dojranensis from the Lake
Dojran (FY Republic of Macedonia, southern part of the Serbo-Macedonian Massif (SMM)), which
provide indirect evidence regarding biomineralization and calcification processes as well as various
geological problems. Environmental pollution can seriously impair physiological functions such as
the secretion of carbonate material into the shells. For comparison, sediments and fish species
Vimba melanops from the Lake Kalimanci, located in northern part of the SMM, were also included
into the study.
X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and
carbon (C) and oxygen (O) stable isotope analyses were performed, and thereupon enrichment
factor (EF) values were calculated. The XRD results revealed close association of sediment
mineralogy with the prevailing metamorphic, volcanic and igneous rocks of the region surrounding
both lakes (Dojran and Kalimanci). According to the EF value results, surficial Lake Dojran
sediments are slightly enriched with Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn, moderately enriched with Au, Ni and
Sb, moderately to severely enriched with Au, severely enriched with Sb and extremely enriched
with As. This elemental enrichment originates from various geogenic (geological background and
polymetallic mineralization) and anthropogenic (tourism, traffic, coatings, untreated wastewater
discharge and agrochemicals) sources. Calculated EF revealed that surficial sediments from Lake
Kalimanci are extremely enriched with Pb, Zn, and Cd, meanwhile As and Cu shows very severe
enrichment. Comparing to Lake Dojran, calculated EF is much higher in Lake Kalimanci than in
Dojran.
Stable isotope signature results showed that Lake Dojran sediments were strongly influenced by
evaporation effect. Their δ18O values range from -5.60 to +1.49 ‰ and the δ13CVPDB composition
range from -6.45 to -1.65 ‰. Shells of A. cygnea are mainly composed of mineral aragonite and
their δ18O values varies between 0.43 ‰ and +1.94 ‰, and δ13CVPDB between -2.48 to -1.72 ‰.
δ18O signature in shells might be explained by precipitation of the carbonate from isotopically
heavier oxygen lake water. The unusually high skeletal oxygen suggests calcification at elevated
temperature and evaporation. Analyses also identify particularly high levels for Cr, Hg, Ni and Pb
in fishes (V. melanops) and frog (Rana temporaria) samples from Lake Kalimanci with mean
values [μgkg-1]: 1090 – 6.5, 339 – 117, 567 – 5100 and 1127 – 435, respectively. Meanwhile, the contents of Cr, Hg, Ni and Pb in fishes samples (R. rutilus dojranensis) from Lake Dojran are a bit
lower [μgkg-1]: 2320, 1690, 700 and 50.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Natural sciences > Biological sciences Natural sciences > Chemical sciences Natural sciences > Earth and related environmental sciences |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Goran Tasev |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Oct 2015 10:29 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Oct 2015 10:29 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/13976 |
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