Zendelska, Afrodita (2015) Possibilities for use of natural raw materials in treatment of mine water contaminated with heavy metals. PhD thesis, Goce Delcev University, Stip.
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Abstract
This doctoral dissertation examines the possibility of applying natural raw materials such as clinoptilolite, stilbite and opalitized tuff in removing heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Mn и Cu) from contaminated mine water.
The basic examination of these natural raw materials led to the conclusion that the stilbite gives best results, a little lower efficiency is noted for the clinoptilolite, while the opalitized tuff shows the smallest power of absorption compared to that of the stilbite and the clinoptilolite.
The stilbite and the clinoptilolite are natural materials that belong to the group of zeolites. They have big surface as a result of their porosity. Their porous structure can be included into a wide range of cations such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ etc. These positive ions are weakly bonded and can be easily interchanged with others when they come into contact, i.e through ion exchange or through adsorption in which way they extract the heavy metals from the water.
The maximum capacities of the stilbite and clinoptilolite to remove copper, zinc, manganese and lead were determined from the examinations of the chemical equilibrium. Their selective series were determined as a result of the obtained maximum capacities. The selective series of the clinoptilolite for these cations is: Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Mn2+> Zn2+ while of that of the stilbite is Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+> Mn2+.
The kinetic testing showed that the work conditions such as the initial concentration of metal ions in the solution, the initial pH value of the solution, mass of the adsorbent and the presence of competitive ions in the solution can influence on the adsorptive capacity and efficiency both of the clinoptilolite and the stilbite.
The removal of the copper, zinc, manganese and lead by means of the examined natural raw materials: clinoptilolite, stilbite and opalitized tuff is the highest in the first twenty minutes, i.e there is a fast initial adsorption followed by a decrease in the speed. This initial phase of fast adsorption better corresponds to ion exchange in the micropores on the surface of the adsorbent in the first twenty minutes.
Key words: clinoptilolite, stilbite, copper, zinc, manganese, lead.
| Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Engineering and Technology > Environmental engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Sladzana Dimiskov |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Oct 2015 11:50 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Oct 2015 11:50 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/13952 |
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