Mitev, Toni (2012) Variation of the components of the yield depending on the density of the structure and their influence to the yield at the soya as second crop. Masters thesis, Goce Delcev University, Stip.
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Abstract
The researches of this master thesis are directed towards the influence of the time of sowing and the number of plants per unit area on the yield of grain at the soya. The subject of the research is the breed “Pela” with short vegetation which belongs in the 00/0 ripening group with vegetation length of 90 to 100 days. The examinations are performed by setting up field tests and conducting laboratory analysis. Since soya is researched as second crop, in conditions of irrigation, the sowing was carried out in the second half of June 2010th and 2011th year. The test was set up on the areas of the University “Goce Delchev” – Shtip, test centre in village Amizbegovo, during period of two years, and those were 2010th and 2011th year. The test was done in three repetitions with five variations in each repetition and with different number of plants per unit area achieved with sowing of different distances between the lines of: 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm. The work thesis of this research is that one of the more important assumptions for high yield, particularly at sowing of second crops, is the optimal number of plants per unit area. The problems that occur with the enlarged number of plants are perceived in the lengthening of the stem; rising of the first floor of the pod; lying down; a suitable microclimate for development of diseases and pests and in the end a more difficult harvest. If, by any reasons, there is insufficient number of plants per unit area – sparse structure, then at the very beginning we are losing the potential for high economically justified yield, the plants form larger number of branches, the first floor of the pods is set very low to the surface of the soil, the possibility for greater growth of weed is higher and all these factors together contribute for large losses of grain at the harvest and for presence of admixtures of weed in the harvested material. In order to avoid all these consequences it is necessary to determine the optimal density of the structure for genotype suitable for cultivation as a second crop. The number of plants per unit area is the most significant component of the yield and if it is not optimal all the additional interventions towards increase of the yield remain unsuccessful.
The way of sowing and the size of the vegetative space (structure of plants per unit considerably influence the yield of the soya. The number and the
layout of the plants influence the growth, the development and the productivity of the soya. It would be a proper way, when for each production area, for each breed or group of ripeness the most suitable structure is examined and determined, because the breed can achieve its genetic potential of fertility only in an optimal vegetative space.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Agricultural Sciences > Other agricultural sciences |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Agriculture |
| Depositing User: | Katerina Hadzi-Vasileva |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Dec 2012 15:08 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Dec 2012 15:08 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/4656 |
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