Soil Health-An Evidence for the Biogeochemical Indicators on Regional vs. Global Scale

Soil health is a critical component of sustainable agriculture and environmental management. This study evaluates biogeochemical indicators of soil health, comparing regional data from N. Macedonia with global standards. Indicators such as soil organic carbon (SOC), nutrient levels (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), pH, conductivity, and microbial biomass were analyzed. Data were collected from various soil health monitoring programs and research studies. The results highlight significant regional variations in soil health indicators in N. Macedonia compared to global averages. The comparison reveals that at the global scale we have an advanced and integrated approach, and the Republic of N. Macedonia should make additional efforts to harmonize and implement global standards and practices. In the Republic of N. Macedonia, regulations and soil health monitoring are in the process of development and alignment with European and global standards. This study provides recommendations for improving the national framework and practice in order to achieve more effective protection and sustainable management of soil resources. Also, this study highlights the global significance of localized data in developing effective soil management strategies and demonstrates the value of biogeochemical indicators at both regional and global scales.