Occurrence and therapeutic approach of deep caries with exposed pulp

Introduction: Caries is an infection that is usually of bacterial origin. The two most common causes of caries are the bacteria Lactobacillus and Streptococcus mutans.
Aim: The aim of this research is to see the representation of caries profunda compicata and the method of therapy most often carried out by dentists for caries with exposed pulp as the biggest challenge in terms of whether they will preserve the tooth vital or not and improve the quality of treatments with the new bioactive materials.
Material and methods: In order to achieve the set goal, research was conducted in dental practices in North Macedonia through a survey questionnaire of dentists.
Results: Most of the respondents, 90%, meet very often with patients with deep caries, and also 90% of the respondents answered that the most common factors for the occurrence of deep caries are poor oral hygiene and lack of fluorides, while 10% high consumption of sugars . Regarding the treatment, 70% of the respondents answered that the most common treatment is endodontic treatment, while 30% direct-indirect pulp resurfacing, and 100% answered that the involvement of the pulp plays the biggest role in the treatment decision.
Conclusion: Timely detection and treatment of deep caries preserves the tooth's vitality and reduces complications. Preserving the vitality of the tooth is imperative in the treatment of deep caries. The use of the bioactive material MTA provide greater opportunities. It has a biocompatible property, it has an alkaline environment and an antibacterial effect, it stimulates the formation of reparative dentin, which creates conditions for the healing of dentin and the possibility of closing the tooth in the same visit.
Key words: deep caries, exposed pulp, MTA.