English language testing: validity, reliability, and communicative competence

In English language instruction, testing is essential for assessing students' competency, monitoring
their development, and promoting efficient teaching methods. It uses a variety of methods, from
conventional written tests to contemporary computer-based evaluations, with the goal of gauging
proficiency in speaking, writing, listening, and reading. Testing evaluates communicative competence
and the capacity to utilise language in authentic contexts in addition to grammar and vocabulary.
Reliability, validity, fairness, and reducing cultural prejudice are major issues in English language
testing. In order to produce more accurate and significant findings, testing has progressively included
technology and performance-based tasks in response to the rising demand for English around the
world. In addition to measuring learning objectives, well-crafted assessments inspire students and raise
the standard of education.
Keywords: English language testing, assessment, proficiency, validity, reliability, communicative
competence, technology in testing