Carcinoma of the lower lip

Introduction: Carcinoma of the lower lip accounts for about 5% of head and neck malignancies. It differs from other types of oral cancer. In 90% of cases is squamous cell carcinoma. If it is diagnosed and treated in time, the outcome is largely favorable. Some patients may have an aggressive course, with metastasis in neck lymph nodes, increased morbidity and mortality. Significantly more common in men. Predominantly present in patients who are exposed to the sun for a long time
Objective: The aim is to analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of lower lip cancer and their impact on the occurrence of neck metastases in patients who were surgically treated at the PHI University Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery in Skopje in the period from 2016 to 2021.
Material and method: Analyzed parameters were age in categories (30-39,40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89, 90-99 years), gender, profession, duration of the lesion and type of surgery performed. treatment. The differentiation of cells during pathohistological analysis by degrees was also analyzed: I-III,the occurrence of local recurrence, the time period from the surgical intervention to the occurrence of recurrence as well as the occurrence of regional recurrence (metastases in neck lymph nodes)
Results: By applying the mentioned methods, a total of 120 patients with cancer of the lower lip were detected in the period from 2016 to 2021, which were followed by the selected protocol and investigated parameters. 92 of the respondents were male, and 28 were female, with a statistically significant difference, which is in accordance with the literature data. In terms of age, our analysis shows that the median age for lower lip cancer is 67 years.
Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip is more common in male patients, ratio 1:3.2 (female: male). The age group most often affected by this disease is 60-89 years (for both sexes). Farmers are significantly more susceptible to cancer of the lower lip
Keywords: squamous cell carcinoma, lymph nodes, metastases