Flavonoids and nonflavonoids profile of Kratošija wines determined by HPLC- ESI-Q TRAP-MS/MS

In this study, flavonoids and nonflavonoids have been determined in Kratošija wines produced by inoculation of two commercial yeasts (ZymafloreTM Xpure (Laffort) and Lalvin ICV D80 (Lallemand)). Analyses have been performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy (MS/MS) operated in electrospray ionization (ESI) and quadrupole linear ion trap (Q TRAP) negative mode using a Phenomenex Luna C18(2) column (3 µm, 100 Å, 100 x 2 mm), with flow rate at 0.2 mL/min and column temeperature at 30°C. The gradient elution was composed of 8 mM formc acid in water (eluent A) at pH 2.8 and acetonitrile (eluent B). A total of 27 phenolic compounds, including 13 nonflavonoids (10 phenolic acids, 2 stilbenes and 1 stilbenoid) and 14 flavonoids (6 flavan-3-ols, 4 flavonols, 2 flavones, 1 flavanone and 1 flavanonol) have been determined. Gallic acid was the dominant phenolic acid, followed by p-coumaric and syringic acids. Resveratrol-3-glucoside (piceid) was present in highest amount compared to resveratrol and viniferin. From the group of flavonols, myricetin was the dominant component and from flavan-3-ols, procyanidins B1 and B3 dominated in wine. Concerning the effect of yeasts, it was found that flavan-3-ols were present in higher content in the wine fermented with Lalvin ICV D80, as it was expected since this yeast influence on intense fine grain tannins, while wine feremented with ZymafloreTM Xpure presented higher content of the other phenolic compounds. Flavones chrysin and luteolin, flavanone naringenin and flavanonol taxifolin were reported for the first time in Macedonian red wine.

Key words: flavonoids, nonflavonoids, yeast, HPLC- ESI-MS/MS, Kratošija wine.

Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the CEEPUS Network (RO-0010) Teaching and Lerning Bioanalysis covering the study stay of Violeta Ivanova-Petropulos at the Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Poland, where she performed the the analyses have been performed.