Cataract: treatment with phacoemulsification at Clinical Hospital Stip in 2023

Gazepov, Strahil and Andonovski, Ivan and Jovancevska, Saska (2024) Cataract: treatment with phacoemulsification at Clinical Hospital Stip in 2023. Knowledge – International Journal, 63 (4). pp. 445-450. ISSN 2545-4439 / 1857-923X

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Abstract

This work describes the concept of cataracts, the reasons for their occurrence, diagnostic procedures, and
treatment, with a special focus on phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. In ophthalmic surgery,
cataracts are one of the most successfully treated conditions. Cataracts represent any opacity or cloudiness of the lens,
whether it is a small, localized opacity or complete loss of vision. Cataracts can occur as a result of congenital or
genetic anomalies, or as a consequence of various diseases or the normal aging process. Depending on the zones of
the lens affected by opacity, it can be classified as subcapsular, cortical, or nuclear, and in terms of localization, it can
be anterior or posterior. Additionally, it can be described according to its stage of development. If there is a clear
cortex, it is considered an immature cataract, while if the cortex is fully opacified, it is considered a mature cataract.
Treatment for cataracts can be conservative or operative. Conservative treatment is applied when visual acuity is 6/24
or better. Conservative treatment involves pupil dilation with 2.5% phenylephrine, refractive glasses, and sometimes
cyclopentolate and atropine can also be useful. Operative treatment for cataracts is applied in conditions where visual
acuity is worse than 6/24 or if there is a medical indication (phacolytic glaucoma, retinal ablation). Operative treatment
for cataracts is performed in several ways: phacoemulsification and extracapsular extraction of the cataract.
Phacoemulsification is an ultrasonic operation on the cataract that uses and ultrasonic probe. It is a modern method
that takes less time, the patient recovers faster, and the risk of complications is reduced.
According to the statistical data we have covered, cataracts are more prevalent in women than men, unlike men, and
in terms of age group, it is most common in individuals aged 60 – 70 years. All of this data represents our stimulus
and motivation towards exploring new therapeutic aspects, as well as methods for timely diagnosis and prevention.
With the topic of our research, we believe that the research would deepen into discovering less invasive methods for
cataract treatment, as well as creating new strategies for timely cataract detection and patient support.
We believe that our research will be a stimulus and inspiration for the entire medical staff to discover new aspects that
would be beneficial in improving the quality of life for patients with cataracts.
Keywords: cataract, quality of life, opacity, phacoemulsification

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords: cataract, quality of life, opacity, phacoemulsification
Subjects:	Medical and Health Sciences > Clinical medicine
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical Science
Depositing User:	Strahil Gazepov
Date Deposited:	09 Apr 2024 09:13
Last Modified:	09 Apr 2024 09:13
URI:	https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/34004

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