Isolated foveal hypoplasia: a case report

Ivanovska Adjievska, Biljana and Buckoska, Violeta (2023) Isolated foveal hypoplasia: a case report. MEDIS - Medical Science and Research, 2 (2). pp. 33-36. ISSN 2671-3497

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Abstract

Foveal hypoplasia is a retinal disorder in which the foveal pit of the macula lutea is incompletely developed
and is characterized by nystagmus and low visual acuity. It can manifest itself in isolation, without a clear etiology, or associated
with other conditions such as albinism, aniridia, Stickler Syndrome, optic nerve hypoplasia, microphtalmus, etc. Modern retinal
imaging technologies are key to diagnosis of this rare retinal disorder. We present a case of a 19-year-old woman with poor
distance and near vision and nystagmus since childhood, without other associated diseases. Visual acuity was 0.5 Snellen
decimal units in both eyes, with present latent nystagmus. The anterior segment was normal, while an absent foveal reflex was
found on fundus examination. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging confirmed the absence of foveal depression in the
macular area. OCT-angiography (OCTA) was performed, which confirmed the absence of a foveal avascular zone in the macula.
According to the proposed grading system parameters for foveal hypoplasia, this case corresponds with the most severe (grade
4) degree of foveal hypoplasia. Foveal hypoplasia can be associated with numerous etiological factors, and visual acuity can
vary depending on the development of foveal photoreceptors and structural gradation. For this reason, especially in children with
reduced visual acuity of unknown etiology and the existence of nystagmus, it is recommended to perform additional examinations
and use multimodal imaging techniques (OCT and OCTA) in order to make a timely and accurate diagnosis. Management of
this disorder includes treatment of the associated ocular and systemic conditions, refractive correction, treatment of amblyopia
and use of low vision aids.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Medical and Health Sciences > Clinical medicine
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical Science
Depositing User:	Biljana Ivanovska-Adzievska
Date Deposited:	29 Aug 2023 12:23
Last Modified:	29 Aug 2023 12:23
URI:	https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/32102

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