Etiology, diagnosis and therapy in patients with bruxism

Pejkovska Shahpaska, Budima and Kapusevska, Biljana (2016) Etiology, diagnosis and therapy in patients with bruxism. International Journal of Dental and Health Sciences, 3 (5). pp. 972-984. ISSN 2195-1381

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Abstract

Introduction׃ In the dictionary of prosthetic terminology, bruxism is defined as an unconscious oral
habit of rhythmical, unfunctional clenching, grinding and making chewy sounds with the teeth while
making movements that are not part of the masticatory function and that lead to occlusal trauma. It
has multifactorial etiology which is associated with occlusal, psychological or environmental factors
or habits that can compromise the ortognatic system which leads to negative consequences.
Purpose: With the help of literature data the purpose of this article is to show the occurring, the
diagnosis of bruxism, its etiological factors, clinical manifestations and its therapy with occlusal
inserters (splints).
Material and methods: Searching the data was completed by using information on the internet on
Researchgate, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, by analyzing written articles and books and student books.
Key words like bruxism, etiology and symptoms, injuries on the teeth from attrition, teeth grinding,
muscle articular disorder, temporomandibular disorder, occlusal splints were used. From 180 articles
that were analyzed and many internet pages, 45 articles were involved in writing this review article
and two textbooks that process the most contemporary aspect form this area, are cited suitably and
are shown in the literature.
Results: From the analyzed literature results were obtained that the main consequences from the
bruxism are muscle fatigue, pain, wasting of the incisal edges and occlusal surfaces of the teeth, and
in severe cases, loss of teeth, dental implants, headaches, periodontal lesions and TMD
(dysfunctions of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ)). These clinical
manifestations can lead to increased problems associated with oral rehabilitation and damage to the
prosthetic restorations. Results that followed showed subsequent reduction of the vertical
dimension of the orofacial system. All these problems negatively affect the quality of life of the
patient. Results for early diagnosis and identification of the etiological factors of bruxism are
important for the prevention of the disease and progression of the lesions of the orofacial
structures. This prevents pain of the craniofacial muscles, allowing it to restore the structures that
have been lost and changed. Thus the achievement of physiological vertical dimension is allowed.
Conclusion: From all the data and results obtained from the researched literature it was found out
that bruxism as a parafunctional habit is present in the modern way of living, which contributes to
changes in the oral-sensory-motor system carrying complete changes in the orofacial region. For the
treatment of bruxism multidisciplinary approach is inevitable, in order to prevent violations of the
osteo-dental structures. Lately, its prevalence is increasing and is related to several factors such as
stress, drugs, anxiety, changes in lifestyle and nutrition as well as distortion of the sleep. Therefore
the therapist should be aware of its signs and symptoms, all aimed through modern diagnostic
protocols and therapeutic modalities to ensure the best treatment plan of the patient.
Key words: bruxism, grinding of the teeth, pressing of the teeth, occlusal splints, TMD, TMJ,
masticatory muscles.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Medical and Health Sciences > Basic medicine Medical and Health Sciences > Clinical medicine Medical and Health Sciences > Health biotechnology Medical and Health Sciences > Health sciences Medical and Health Sciences > Other medical sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Medical Science
Depositing User:	Budima Pejkovska Sahpaska
Date Deposited:	08 Jun 2023 09:48
Last Modified:	08 Jun 2023 09:48
URI:	https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/31850

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