Velickova, Nevenka and Milev, Mishko (2018) Biomarkers - useful tools in modern medicine. In: Program IV Međunarodnog simpozija „Dani laboratorijske dijagnostike i sanitarne tehnike BiH” ALISZP u BiH, 10-13 May 2018, Tuzla, BIH.
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Abstract
Biomarkers have been defined by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences Committee on Biological Markers as an alteration in cellular or biochemical components, processes, structure or functions that is measurable in a biological system or sample. Biomarkers are present in all parts of the body including body fluids and tissues. Most of the clinical laboratory examinations are done on body fluids such as blood and urine. Biomarkers can be detected on imaging studies or examination of body tissues. Even exhaled breath contains biomarkers. Biomarkers are useful tools in a variety of fields, including medicine, environmental health, toxicology, developmental biology, and basic scientific research. There are many types of biomarkers which provide different kinds of information related to exposure and influence of hazardous chemicals, diagnostic procedures and therapy. A biomarker is a measurement reflecting an interaction between a biological system and a potential chemical, biological or physical kind of hazard. They are used as surrogates for clinical endpoints long before the endpoints become apparent. Biomarkers are generally classified into three groups: exposure, effects, and susceptibility. The ideal biomarkers should be early detected and be able to show adverse effects before they are irreversible. Those are the most studied biomarkers and they include modifications in some parameters of blood composition, alterations of specific enzyme activities, DNA-adducts appearance, localised mRNA and protein increases, and appearance of specific antibodies (autoantiboides) against a xenobiotic or a particular cellular fractions. The most studied biomarkers of effect are those related to the alterations of heme synthesis. Biomarkers are often useful tools as endocrine disruptors which means they disrupt normal functioning of the body’s hormonal system and can cause some structural or functional abnormalities to the reproductive system. Aim of this presentation is to focusing on the use of biomarkers as biomonitoring tools, and to describe their utility and application in occupational health and to discuss the recent findings about different biomarkers, including its sensitivity to other pollutants and the expression of different splice variants.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Speech) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Medical and Health Sciences > Basic medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medical Science |
| Depositing User: | Nevenka Velickova |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2018 11:54 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jun 2018 11:54 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ugd.edu.mk/id/eprint/20110 |
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